:root{
  --ink:#14213d;
  --muted:#5c6575;
  --line:#dfe5ee;
  --paper:#ffffff;
  --soft:#f5f7fb;
  --navy:#08254f;
  --blue:#1558d6;
  --accent:#23a6a8;
  --violet:#7757d7;
  --shadow:0 12px 28px rgba(13,36,70,.10);
  --radius:18px;
  --max:1180px;
}
*{box-sizing:border-box}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth}
body{margin:0;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI","Hiragino Sans","Yu Gothic",sans-serif;color:var(--ink);background:var(--paper);line-height:1.7}
a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}
img{max-width:100%;display:block}
.site-header{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:30;display:grid;grid-template-columns:auto 1fr auto;align-items:center;gap:24px;padding:14px 28px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.94);backdrop-filter:blur(12px);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.brand{display:flex;flex-direction:column;line-height:1.15}
.brand-main{font-size:1.35rem;font-weight:800}
.brand-sub{font-size:.75rem;color:var(--blue);font-weight:700;margin-top:5px}
.nav{display:flex;justify-content:center;gap:26px;font-size:.95rem}
.nav a{padding:10px 0;border-bottom:2px solid transparent}
.nav a:hover{border-color:var(--blue)}
.lang-switch{display:flex;gap:6px}
.lang-switch button{border:1px solid var(--line);background:white;padding:7px 10px;border-radius:8px;cursor:pointer}
.lang-switch button.active{background:var(--navy);color:white;border-color:var(--navy)}
.nav-toggle{display:none;border:0;background:none;font-size:1.5rem}
.hero{position:relative;min-height:72vh;display:flex;align-items:center;background:url("../images/hero-network.svg") center/cover no-repeat;color:white}
.hero-overlay{position:absolute;inset:0;background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(4,24,54,.97) 0%,rgba(5,31,70,.82) 48%,rgba(6,34,72,.26) 100%)}
.hero-content{position:relative;width:min(var(--max),calc(100% - 48px));margin:0 auto;padding:90px 0}
.eyebrow,.section-kicker{font-size:.78rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.18em;color:#4f80e8}
.hero .eyebrow{color:#7ec9ff}
h1{font-size:clamp(2.5rem,6vw,5.5rem);line-height:1.08;margin:.25em 0 .35em;letter-spacing:-.045em;max-width:900px}
.hero-copy{max-width:760px;font-size:1.2rem;color:#e3edf9}
.hero-actions{display:flex;gap:14px;margin-top:30px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-height:44px;padding:10px 18px;border-radius:10px;font-weight:700}
.button.primary{background:var(--blue);color:white}
.button.ghost{border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.55);color:white;background:rgba(255,255,255,.07)}
.section{padding:86px 28px}
.section.alt{background:var(--soft)}
.section.narrow{max-width:900px;margin:auto}
.section.narrow h2{font-size:clamp(2rem,4vw,3.3rem);line-height:1.25}
.section-head{max-width:var(--max);margin:0 auto 32px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:end;gap:20px}
.section-head h2,.section>h2{margin:.15em 0 0;font-size:clamp(2rem,4vw,3rem)}
.text-link{font-weight:700;color:var(--blue)}
.card-grid{max-width:var(--max);margin:0 auto;display:grid;gap:22px}
.research-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr)}
.publication-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}
.people-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr)}
.card{background:white;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius);overflow:hidden;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}
.card-body{padding:22px}
.card h3{margin:.1em 0 .5em;line-height:1.35}
.card p{color:var(--muted)}
.card-media{height:205px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#0a2b57,#1c62b8);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:white;overflow:hidden}
.card-media img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}
.badge{display:inline-block;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:800;padding:4px 8px;border-radius:999px;background:#eaf1ff;color:var(--blue);margin-right:6px;margin-top:6px}
.card-footer{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-top:16px;font-size:.9rem}
.card-footer a{color:var(--blue);font-weight:700}
.year-list{max-width:var(--max);margin:54px auto 0}
.year-block{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.year-head{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;width:100%;padding:18px 0;background:none;border:0;font-size:1.15rem;font-weight:800;color:var(--ink);cursor:pointer}
.year-content{display:none;padding:0 0 18px}
.year-block.open .year-content{display:block}
.pub-row{padding:12px 0;border-top:1px dashed var(--line)}
.pub-title{font-weight:700}
.pub-meta{color:var(--muted);font-size:.93rem}
.people-card{text-align:center}
.people-card .card-media{height:180px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#e7edf7,#f6f8fb)}
.people-card .avatar{width:86px;height:86px;border-radius:50%;background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--blue),var(--accent));display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:white;font-size:1.6rem;font-weight:800}
.news-list{max-width:var(--max);margin:auto;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.news-item{display:grid;grid-template-columns:130px 130px 1fr;gap:18px;padding:18px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.news-date{color:var(--muted)}
.news-tag{font-size:.78rem;font-weight:800;color:var(--blue)}
.news-title{font-weight:700}
.join-section{max-width:var(--max);margin:40px auto 90px;padding:46px;border-radius:24px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#071f45,#0d4f9d);color:white;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:32px}
.join-section p{color:#dce8f8}
.site-footer{padding:34px 28px;background:#061b3d;color:white;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px}
.footer-links{display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:center}
@media(max-width:960px){
  .site-header{grid-template-columns:1fr auto auto}
  .nav-toggle{display:block}
  .nav{display:none;position:absolute;top:68px;left:0;right:0;background:white;padding:16px 28px;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
  .nav.open{display:flex}
  .research-grid,.publication-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}
  .people-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}
}
@media(max-width:640px){
  .site-header{padding:12px 16px;gap:10px}
  .brand-sub{display:none}
  .section{padding:64px 18px}
  .hero-content{width:calc(100% - 36px);padding:72px 0}
  .research-grid,.publication-grid,.people-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .news-item{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:4px}
  .join-section{margin:24px 18px 60px;padding:30px 24px;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}
  .site-footer{flex-direction:column}
}


.alumni-note{max-width:var(--max);margin:0 auto 28px;color:var(--muted)}
.alumni-list{max-width:var(--max);margin:0 auto}
.alumni-year{margin-top:34px}
.alumni-year>h3{font-size:1.4rem;margin-bottom:12px;border-bottom:2px solid var(--ink);padding-bottom:8px}
.alumni-item{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(220px,1.5fr) minmax(220px,1fr);gap:28px;padding:22px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.alumni-item h4{font-size:1.15rem;margin:0 0 4px}
.alumni-degree{font-weight:700;color:var(--blue)!important;margin:0 0 6px}
.alumni-item p{margin:.25em 0;color:var(--muted)}
.alumni-awards strong{font-size:.85rem;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase}
.alumni-awards ul{margin:8px 0 0;padding-left:1.2em;color:var(--muted)}
@media(max-width:640px){
  .alumni-item{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:10px}
}


.person-role{font-weight:700;color:var(--ink)!important;margin-bottom:.1em}
.person-affiliation{font-size:.88rem;color:var(--blue)!important;margin-top:0}
.alumni-main h4{letter-spacing:.01em}
.pub-meta a{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}


.person-awards{margin-top:16px;padding-top:14px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);text-align:left}
.person-awards strong{font-size:.78rem;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase}
.person-awards ul{margin:8px 0 0;padding-left:1.15em;color:var(--muted);font-size:.88rem}
.person-awards a,.alumni-awards a{color:var(--blue);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}

.award-detail{margin-top:3px;font-size:.82rem;line-height:1.45;color:var(--muted)}

@media(max-width:1100px){
  .research-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}
}


.person-highlights{margin-top:16px;padding-top:14px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);text-align:left}
.person-highlights strong{font-size:.78rem;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase}
.person-highlights ul{margin:8px 0 0;padding-left:1.15em;color:var(--muted);font-size:.88rem}
.person-highlights a{color:var(--blue);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}

@media(max-width:900px){.staff-alumni-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}}
@media(max-width:560px){.staff-alumni-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}


.staff-alumni-role{font-weight:600;color:var(--text)!important}
.staff-alumni-current{margin-top:8px!important;line-height:1.55}
.staff-alumni-link{display:inline-block;margin-top:14px;font-size:.86rem;color:var(--blue);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}

.staff-alumni-section{margin-top:56px;padding-top:36px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.staff-alumni-section>h3{font-size:1.45rem;margin:0 0 8px}
.staff-alumni-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:18px;margin-top:24px}
.staff-alumni-item{padding:22px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:16px;background:var(--surface)}
.staff-alumni-item h4{margin:0 0 8px;font-size:1.05rem}
.staff-alumni-role{margin:0;font-weight:600;color:var(--text)}
.staff-alumni-current{margin:9px 0 0;color:var(--muted);font-size:.9rem;line-height:1.55}
.staff-alumni-link{display:inline-block;margin-top:14px;font-size:.86rem;color:var(--blue);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}
@media(max-width:900px){.staff-alumni-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}}
@media(max-width:560px){.staff-alumni-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

.staff-title{font-size:.88em;font-weight:600;color:var(--muted);white-space:nowrap}

.news-item{overflow:hidden}
.news-image-link{display:block;background:#f3f6fb}
.news-image{display:block;width:100%;aspect-ratio:2/1;object-fit:contain;padding:12px}
.news-content{padding:20px}
.news-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px;margin-top:14px}
.news-links a{font-weight:700;color:var(--blue);text-decoration:none}
.news-links a:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}

/* Wider recent-news layout */
#news .section-head{max-width:none}
#news-list{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));
  gap:24px;
}
#news .news-item{
  display:flex;
  flex-direction:column;
  min-width:0;
  height:100%;
}
#news .news-content{
  flex:1;
}
#news .news-item h3{
  line-height:1.45;
}
#news .news-item p{
  line-height:1.75;
}
@media(max-width:900px){
  #news-list{grid-template-columns:1fr}
}

/* Refined news imagery */
#news .news-image-link{
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:center;
  background:#f5f7fb;
  overflow:hidden;
}
#news .news-image{
  display:block;
  width:100%;
  object-fit:contain;
}
#news .news-item:has(img[src*="news-icqc-2026"]) .news-image-link{
  min-height:150px;
  padding:18px 28px;
}
#news .news-item:has(img[src*="news-icqc-2026"]) .news-image{
  width:auto;
  max-width:72%;
  max-height:118px;
  aspect-ratio:auto;
  padding:0;
}
#news .news-item:has(img[src*="news-nsf-jst-workshop-2026"]) .news-image-link{
  min-height:150px;
  padding:0;
  background:#fff;
}
#news .news-item:has(img[src*="news-nsf-jst-workshop-2026"]) .news-image{
  width:100%;
  height:150px;
  object-fit:cover;
  padding:0;
}
@media(max-width:700px){
  #news .news-item:has(img[src*="news-icqc-2026"]) .news-image{
    max-width:88%;
    max-height:100px;
  }
  #news .news-item:has(img[src*="news-nsf-jst-workshop-2026"]) .news-image{
    height:125px;
  }
}

/* Show the complete NSF–JST workshop banner */
#news .news-item:has(img[src*="news-nsf-jst-workshop-2026"]) .news-image-link{
  min-height:150px;
  padding:14px 20px;
  background:#f5f7fb;
}
#news .news-item:has(img[src*="news-nsf-jst-workshop-2026"]) .news-image{
  width:100%;
  height:auto;
  max-height:122px;
  object-fit:contain;
  object-position:center;
  padding:0;
}
@media(max-width:700px){
  #news .news-item:has(img[src*="news-nsf-jst-workshop-2026"]) .news-image-link{
    min-height:120px;
    padding:10px 14px;
  }
  #news .news-item:has(img[src*="news-nsf-jst-workshop-2026"]) .news-image{
    max-height:96px;
  }
}

/* Consistent imagery for all news cards */
#news .news-image-link{
  min-height:156px;
  padding:12px 18px;
  background:#f5f7fb;
}
#news .news-image{
  width:100%;
  height:132px;
  object-fit:contain;
  object-position:center;
  padding:0;
}
#news .news-item:has(img[src*="news-theochem28-award"]) .news-image,
#news .news-item:has(img[src*="news-jaci-lecture"]) .news-image{
  object-fit:cover;
  border-radius:8px;
}
@media(max-width:700px){
  #news .news-image-link{min-height:128px;padding:10px 12px}
  #news .news-image{height:108px}
}

/* Balance news-card text blocks */
@media(min-width:901px){
  #news .news-item p{min-height:6.2em}
}

/* Research-pillar badges for representative publications */
.pub-pillar{
  display:inline-flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:8px;
  max-width:100%;
  margin:0 0 12px;
  padding:6px 10px;
  border-radius:999px;
  font-size:.74rem;
  font-weight:700;
  line-height:1.2;
}
.pub-pillar-number{
  display:inline-grid;
  place-items:center;
  min-width:22px;
  height:22px;
  padding:0 5px;
  border-radius:50%;
  background:rgba(255,255,255,.75);
  font-size:.7rem;
}
.pub-pillar-intelligence{color:#075d68;background:#dff4f3;border:1px solid #addfdd}
.pub-pillar-adaptive{color:#253d88;background:#e7ebfb;border:1px solid #c7d0f3}
.pub-pillar-beyond-bo{color:#7b2f76;background:#f5e5f4;border:1px solid #e8c5e4}
.pub-pillar-reaction{color:#8a4514;background:#f9eadb;border:1px solid #edcfaf}

/* Research-pillar tags in the annual publication list */
.pub-row-head{
  display:flex;
  align-items:flex-start;
  gap:10px;
  flex-wrap:wrap;
}
.pub-list-pillar{
  display:inline-flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:6px;
  flex:0 0 auto;
  padding:4px 8px;
  border-radius:999px;
  font-size:.68rem;
  font-weight:700;
  line-height:1.15;
}
.pub-list-pillar .pub-pillar-number{
  min-width:18px;
  height:18px;
  font-size:.62rem;
}
.pub-row-head .pub-title{
  flex:1 1 360px;
}

/* Research network and links */
.network-groups{display:grid;gap:18px}
.network-group{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:18px;background:var(--surface);overflow:hidden}
.network-group summary{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:20px 22px;cursor:pointer;font-weight:800;list-style:none}
.network-group summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.network-group summary::after{content:"＋";margin-left:auto;color:var(--muted);font-size:1.1rem}
.network-group[open] summary::after{content:"−"}
.network-count{display:inline-grid;place-items:center;min-width:30px;height:26px;padding:0 8px;border-radius:999px;background:var(--bg-soft);color:var(--muted);font-size:.76rem}
.network-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:14px;padding:0 20px 22px}
.network-grid-compact{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}
.network-card{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:7px;min-width:0;padding:17px 18px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;background:var(--bg);text-decoration:none;transition:transform .18s ease,border-color .18s ease,box-shadow .18s ease}
.network-card:hover{transform:translateY(-2px);border-color:var(--blue);box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(20,45,85,.08)}
.network-card strong{color:var(--text);font-size:.94rem;line-height:1.4}
.network-card span{color:var(--muted);font-size:.82rem;line-height:1.55}
.network-links-inline{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;padding:0 20px 22px}
.network-links-inline a{padding:9px 13px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:999px;background:var(--bg);color:var(--text);font-size:.82rem;text-decoration:none}
.network-links-inline a:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue)}
@media(max-width:1000px){.network-grid,.network-grid-compact{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}}
@media(max-width:620px){.network-grid,.network-grid-compact{grid-template-columns:1fr}.network-group summary{padding:17px 16px}.network-grid,.network-links-inline{padding-left:14px;padding-right:14px}}

/* Research-history note */
.research-history-note{
  width:min(100%,var(--max));
  margin:22px auto 30px;
  padding:18px 22px;
  border-left:4px solid var(--blue);
  border-radius:0 14px 14px 0;
  background:var(--bg-soft);
}
.research-history-note p{
  max-width:940px;
  margin:0;
  color:var(--text);
  font-size:.96rem;
  line-height:1.9;
}
@media(max-width:620px){
  .research-history-note{
    margin:18px 0 24px;
    padding:15px 16px;
  }
  .research-history-note p{
    font-size:.9rem;
    line-height:1.8;
  }
}

.pub-history-theme{
  background:var(--bg-soft);
  color:var(--muted);
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:8px;
}
.publication-history-note{
  margin:18px 0 26px;
  padding:16px 18px;
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:14px;
  background:var(--bg-soft);
}
.publication-history-note p{
  margin:0;
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.9rem;
  line-height:1.8;
}

/* Books and contributed chapters */
.books-list{display:grid;gap:14px}
.book-item{display:grid;grid-template-columns:84px minmax(0,1fr);gap:18px;padding:20px 22px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:16px;background:var(--surface)}
.book-year{font-size:1.15rem;font-weight:800;color:var(--blue)}
.book-type{display:inline-flex;margin-bottom:7px;padding:4px 9px;border-radius:999px;background:var(--bg-soft);color:var(--muted);font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700}
.book-content h3{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:1.02rem;line-height:1.5}
.book-authors,.book-source{margin:4px 0;color:var(--muted);font-size:.88rem;line-height:1.65}
.book-meta{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px 14px;margin-top:10px;font-size:.8rem}
.book-meta a{text-decoration:none;font-weight:700}
@media(max-width:620px){.book-item{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:8px;padding:17px 16px}}

/* Project history grouping */
.project-note{
  margin:0 20px 18px;
  padding:13px 15px;
  border-radius:12px;
  background:var(--bg-soft);
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.84rem;
  line-height:1.7;
}
.project-era{
  margin:4px 20px 14px;
  padding-top:8px;
  color:var(--text);
  font-size:.92rem;
  letter-spacing:.02em;
}
.network-group .project-era + .network-grid{
  padding-top:0;
}

/* Condensed network section */
.network-group + .network-group{margin-top:2px}
.network-group:not([open]) summary{background:transparent}
.network-group[open] summary{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}

/* Condensed publication archive */
.publication-period{
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:16px;
  background:var(--surface);
  overflow:hidden;
}
.publication-period + .publication-period{margin-top:14px}
.publication-period summary{
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:space-between;
  gap:16px;
  padding:18px 20px;
  cursor:pointer;
  list-style:none;
  font-weight:800;
}
.publication-period summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.publication-period summary::after{
  content:"＋";
  margin-left:auto;
  color:var(--muted);
}
.publication-period[open] summary{
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
.publication-period[open] summary::after{content:"−"}
.publication-period-count{
  display:inline-grid;
  place-items:center;
  min-width:32px;
  height:26px;
  padding:0 8px;
  border-radius:999px;
  background:var(--bg-soft);
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.76rem;
}
.publication-period-body{
  padding:6px 18px 20px;
}
.pub-year-block{
  padding:18px 0 4px;
}
.pub-year-block + .pub-year-block{
  border-top:1px solid var(--line);
}
.pub-year-block h4{
  margin:0 0 12px;
  color:var(--blue);
  font-size:1rem;
}
.pub-year-list{display:grid;gap:12px}
@media(max-width:620px){
  .publication-period summary{padding:16px}
  .publication-period-body{padding:4px 14px 16px}
}

.staff-alumni-period{
  margin:3px 0 8px;
  color:var(--blue);
  font-size:.8rem;
  font-weight:700;
}

/* Comprehensive student alumni */
.student-alumni-section{margin-top:42px}
.student-alumni-heading{margin-bottom:18px}
.student-alumni-list{display:grid;gap:12px}
.student-alumni-group{
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:16px;
  background:var(--surface);
  overflow:hidden;
}
.student-alumni-group summary{
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:space-between;
  gap:16px;
  padding:17px 20px;
  cursor:pointer;
  list-style:none;
}
.student-alumni-group summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.student-alumni-group summary > span:first-child{display:grid;gap:3px}
.student-alumni-group summary small{color:var(--muted);font-weight:500}
.student-alumni-count{
  display:inline-grid;
  place-items:center;
  min-width:32px;
  height:26px;
  padding:0 8px;
  border-radius:999px;
  background:var(--bg-soft);
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.76rem;
  font-weight:700;
}
.student-alumni-group[open] summary{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.student-alumni-body{padding:4px 18px 20px}
.student-year-block{padding:16px 0 2px}
.student-year-block + .student-year-block{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.student-year-block h4{margin:0 0 10px;color:var(--blue);font-size:.92rem}
.student-year-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:8px 18px}
.student-alumni-item{padding:9px 0}
.student-alumni-name{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.student-alumni-name strong{font-size:.9rem}
.student-alumni-name span{color:var(--muted);font-size:.75rem}
.student-alumni-detail{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:4px}
.student-degree{
  padding:2px 7px;
  border-radius:999px;
  background:var(--bg-soft);
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.7rem;
  font-weight:700;
}
.student-note{color:var(--muted);font-size:.75rem}
@media(max-width:720px){
  .student-year-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .student-alumni-group summary{padding:15px 16px}
  .student-alumni-body{padding:2px 14px 16px}
}

/* Unified alumni list */
.alumni-disclosure{
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:18px;
  background:var(--surface);
  overflow:hidden;
}
.alumni-disclosure summary{
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:14px;
  padding:20px 22px;
  cursor:pointer;
  list-style:none;
  font-weight:800;
}
.alumni-disclosure summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.alumni-disclosure summary::after{
  content:"＋";
  margin-left:2px;
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:1.1rem;
}
.alumni-disclosure[open] summary{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.alumni-disclosure[open] summary::after{content:"−"}
.alumni-total{
  display:inline-grid;
  place-items:center;
  min-height:28px;
  margin-left:auto;
  padding:2px 10px;
  border-radius:999px;
  background:var(--bg-soft);
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.76rem;
  font-weight:700;
  white-space:nowrap;
}
.alumni-disclosure-body{padding:22px}
.alumni-unified-list{display:grid;gap:26px}
.alumni-year-group{
  padding-top:4px;
}
.alumni-year-group + .alumni-year-group{
  border-top:1px solid var(--line);
  padding-top:24px;
}
.alumni-year-group h3{
  margin:0 0 14px;
  color:var(--blue);
  font-size:1rem;
}
.alumni-year-grid{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));
  gap:10px 22px;
}
.alumni-simple-item{
  display:flex;
  align-items:baseline;
  gap:8px;
  flex-wrap:wrap;
  padding:5px 0;
}
.alumni-simple-item strong{font-size:.92rem}
.alumni-simple-item span{color:var(--muted);font-size:.74rem}
@media(max-width:900px){
  .alumni-year-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}
}
@media(max-width:560px){
  .alumni-year-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
}

.alumni-simple-item{
  display:grid;
  gap:3px;
}
.alumni-simple-name{
  display:flex;
  align-items:baseline;
  gap:8px;
  flex-wrap:wrap;
}
.alumni-simple-item small{
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.72rem;
  line-height:1.5;
}

.alumni-degree{
  display:inline-block;
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.72rem;
  font-weight:600;
}

@media(max-width:620px){
  .alumni-disclosure summary{padding:17px 16px}
  .alumni-disclosure-body{padding:18px 16px}
}

/* Project categories: current projects open by default, other projects collapsed */
.project-category{margin:0 22px 18px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;background:var(--surface);overflow:hidden}
.project-category summary{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:16px 18px;cursor:pointer;font-weight:800;list-style:none;background:color-mix(in srgb,var(--surface) 92%,var(--accent) 8%)}
.project-category summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.project-category summary::after{content:"＋";margin-left:auto;color:var(--muted);font-size:1.05rem}
.project-category[open] summary::after{content:"−"}
.project-category[open] summary{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.project-category .network-grid{padding:18px}
@media(max-width:620px){.project-category{margin:0 14px 14px}.project-category summary{padding:15px 14px}.project-category .network-grid{padding:14px}}

/* Publications subsections */
.publication-subsection { margin-top: 2rem; }
.publication-subsection > h3 { margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.books-subsection { margin-top: 3rem; padding-top: 2rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line, #d9d9d9); }
.books-subsection .section-lead { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }

/* Maximize content images within their display frames */
.card-media{
  height:auto;
  aspect-ratio:16/10;
  padding:0;
  background:#fff;
}
.card-media img{
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  max-width:100%;
  max-height:100%;
  object-fit:contain;
  object-position:center;
}

/* Research illustrations and representative-publication graphics */
#research .card-media,
#publications .card-media{
  aspect-ratio:16/10;
}
#research .card-media img,
#publications .card-media img{
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  object-fit:contain;
}

/* News images use the entire media window without decorative inner margins */
#news .news-image-link,
#news .news-item:has(img) .news-image-link{
  min-height:0;
  aspect-ratio:16/9;
  padding:0;
  background:#fff;
}
#news .news-image,
#news .news-item:has(img) .news-image{
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  max-width:100%;
  max-height:100%;
  aspect-ratio:auto;
  padding:0;
  object-fit:contain;
  object-position:center;
  border-radius:0;
}

@media(max-width:700px){
  .card-media,
  #research .card-media,
  #publications .card-media{
    aspect-ratio:16/10;
  }
  #news .news-image-link,
  #news .news-item:has(img) .news-image-link{
    min-height:0;
    aspect-ratio:16/9;
    padding:0;
  }
  #news .news-image,
  #news .news-item:has(img) .news-image{
    width:100%;
    height:100%;
    max-height:100%;
  }
}


/* Chemical formula typography */
sub { font-size: 0.72em; line-height: 0; vertical-align: -0.28em; }
sup { font-size: 0.72em; line-height: 0; vertical-align: 0.45em; }


/* Books disclosure: collapsed by default */
.books-disclosure{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:16px;background:var(--surface);overflow:hidden}
.books-disclosure > summary{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:14px;padding:18px 20px;cursor:pointer;font-size:1.05rem;font-weight:800;list-style:none;background:color-mix(in srgb,var(--surface) 94%,var(--accent) 6%)}
.books-disclosure > summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.books-disclosure > summary::after{content:"＋";margin-left:auto;color:var(--muted);font-size:1.05rem}
.books-disclosure[open] > summary::after{content:"−"}
.books-disclosure[open] > summary{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.books-count{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-width:2rem;height:1.6rem;padding:0 .45rem;border-radius:999px;background:var(--bg-soft);color:var(--muted);font-size:.78rem;font-weight:800}
.books-disclosure-body{padding:20px}
.books-disclosure-body .section-lead{margin-top:0}
@media(max-width:620px){.books-disclosure > summary{padding:16px}.books-disclosure-body{padding:16px}}

.publication-archive-year + .publication-archive-year {
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}
.publication-archive-year-title {
  margin: 0 0 0.65rem;
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--text, #1f2937);
}

/* Publication summaries */
.pub-summary {
  margin: 0.45rem 0 0;
  color: var(--text-muted, #5f6670);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
}
.pub-row .pub-summary { max-width: 78ch; }

/* PI profile */
.person-profile-link{margin:16px 0 2px}.person-profile-link a{display:inline-flex;padding:8px 12px;border-radius:9px;background:#edf3ff;color:var(--blue);font-weight:800;font-size:.9rem}
.pi-page{background:#fff}.pi-hero{padding:92px 28px 64px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#061b3d 0%,#0d4f9d 100%);color:#fff}.pi-hero-inner{max-width:var(--max);margin:auto;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(220px,300px) 1fr;gap:48px;align-items:center}.pi-portrait{max-width:300px;border-radius:24px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8eef7;box-shadow:0 24px 60px rgba(0,0,0,.26)}.pi-portrait img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:4/5;object-fit:cover;object-position:center top}.pi-hero h1{font-size:clamp(3rem,7vw,6rem);margin:.12em 0}.pi-title{font-size:1.3rem;font-weight:700;color:#dfeafd}.pi-lab{font-size:1.05rem;color:#bcd2f2}.pi-links{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:24px}.pi-links a{padding:8px 12px;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.42);border-radius:9px;font-weight:700}.pi-message p,.pi-content-grid p,.pi-career p{font-size:1.05rem;line-height:1.9}.pi-emphasis{font-weight:700;color:var(--ink);border-left:4px solid var(--blue);padding-left:18px}.pi-content-grid{max-width:var(--max);margin:auto;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.35fr .85fr;gap:56px;align-items:start}.pi-content-grid h2{font-size:clamp(2rem,4vw,3rem);line-height:1.25}.pi-data-card{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:22px;padding:30px;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}.pi-data-card h3{margin-top:0}.pi-data-card ul{padding-left:1.25em;line-height:1.9}.pi-page blockquote{font-size:clamp(1.5rem,3vw,2.4rem);line-height:1.45;font-weight:800;color:var(--navy);margin:42px 0 0;padding:26px 30px;border-left:6px solid var(--blue);background:var(--soft);border-radius:0 18px 18px 0}.pi-career{background:#fff}.pi-career-grid{max-width:var(--max);margin:auto;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1.25fr;gap:48px}.pi-career-column{min-width:0}.pi-career-column h3{font-size:1.5rem;border-bottom:2px solid var(--navy);padding-bottom:10px}.timeline{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.timeline li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:150px 1fr;gap:18px;padding:14px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);line-height:1.6}.timeline time{font-weight:800;color:var(--blue);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.pi-page .join-section{margin-top:40px}
@media(max-width:900px){.pi-hero-inner,.pi-content-grid,.pi-career-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.pi-portrait{max-width:280px}.pi-hero{padding-top:70px}.timeline li{grid-template-columns:125px 1fr}}
@media(max-width:560px){.pi-hero{padding:58px 18px 44px}.pi-hero-inner{gap:32px}.timeline li{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:2px}.pi-data-card{padding:22px}.pi-page blockquote{padding:22px 20px}}


/* Align Other Works disclosure with annual publication accordions */
.books-subsection.books-disclosure{
  max-width:var(--max);
  margin:14px auto 0;
  padding-top:0;
  border-top:0;
}

/* Keep all PI-page text sections on the same content grid */
.pi-page .section.narrow{
  width:100%;
  max-width:calc(var(--max) + 56px);
  margin-left:auto;
  margin-right:auto;
}

/* PI page: unified single-column layout */
.pi-hero-inner,
.pi-content-grid,
.pi-career-grid{
  grid-template-columns:1fr;
}
.pi-hero-inner{
  max-width:900px;
  gap:32px;
  justify-items:start;
}
.pi-content-grid,
.pi-career-grid,
.pi-page .section.narrow{
  max-width:900px;
}
.pi-data-card{
  width:100%;
}
.pi-career-grid{
  gap:36px;
}

/* PI career: prominent near the top, collapsed by default */
.pi-career{
  padding-top:36px;
  padding-bottom:20px;
}
.pi-career-disclosure{
  max-width:900px;
  margin:0 auto;
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:18px;
  overflow:hidden;
  background:#fff;
  box-shadow:0 10px 30px rgba(8,28,61,.06);
}
.pi-career-disclosure > summary{
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:16px;
  padding:20px 24px;
  cursor:pointer;
  list-style:none;
  font-size:clamp(1.35rem,2.5vw,1.8rem);
  font-weight:800;
  color:var(--navy);
}
.pi-career-disclosure > summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.pi-career-disclosure > summary::after{
  content:"＋";
  margin-left:auto;
  color:var(--blue);
  font-size:1.15rem;
}
.pi-career-disclosure[open] > summary{
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
.pi-career-disclosure[open] > summary::after{content:"−"}
.pi-career-body{padding:12px 24px 28px}
@media(max-width:560px){
  .pi-career{padding:24px 18px 8px}
  .pi-career-disclosure > summary{padding:17px 18px}
  .pi-career-body{padding:8px 18px 22px}
}


/* PI hero: compact portrait and immediately visible message heading */
.pi-hero{
  padding-top:72px;
  padding-bottom:52px;
}
.pi-hero-inner{
  max-width:900px;
  gap:22px;
}
.pi-portrait{
  width:150px;
  max-width:150px;
  border-radius:18px;
  box-shadow:0 14px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.22);
}
.pi-hero h1{
  margin:0 0 18px;
  font-size:clamp(2.5rem,5vw,4.6rem);
  line-height:1.14;
  letter-spacing:.01em;
}
.pi-name{
  margin:0 0 10px;
  font-size:clamp(1.75rem,3vw,2.5rem);
  color:#fff;
}
.pi-title{
  margin-top:0;
}
.pi-links{
  margin-top:18px;
}
@media(max-width:560px){
  .pi-hero{padding-top:48px;padding-bottom:38px}
  .pi-portrait{width:118px;max-width:118px;border-radius:15px}
  .pi-hero-inner{gap:18px}
  .pi-hero h1{font-size:clamp(2.15rem,11vw,3rem)}
  .pi-name{font-size:1.65rem}
}

/* PI hero only: compact two-column introduction */
.pi-hero .pi-hero-inner{
  max-width:900px;
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:150px minmax(0,1fr);
  gap:36px;
  align-items:center;
  justify-items:stretch;
}
.pi-hero .pi-portrait{
  width:150px;
  max-width:150px;
  margin:0;
}
.pi-hero .pi-hero-copy{
  min-width:0;
}
.pi-hero .pi-hero-copy h1{
  margin-top:0;
}
@media(max-width:700px){
  .pi-hero .pi-hero-inner{
    grid-template-columns:105px minmax(0,1fr);
    gap:22px;
    align-items:start;
  }
  .pi-hero .pi-portrait{
    width:105px;
    max-width:105px;
  }
  .pi-hero .pi-title{
    font-size:1rem;
  }
}
@media(max-width:480px){
  .pi-hero .pi-hero-inner{
    grid-template-columns:82px minmax(0,1fr);
    gap:16px;
  }
  .pi-hero .pi-portrait{
    width:82px;
    max-width:82px;
    border-radius:12px;
  }
  .pi-hero .pi-hero-copy h1{
    font-size:clamp(1.8rem,9vw,2.4rem);
    margin-bottom:12px;
  }
  .pi-hero .pi-name{
    font-size:1.35rem;
  }
  .pi-hero .pi-title,
  .pi-hero .pi-lab{
    font-size:.9rem;
    line-height:1.55;
  }
  .pi-hero .pi-links{
    gap:7px;
  }
  .pi-hero .pi-links a{
    padding:6px 8px;
    font-size:.82rem;
  }
}


/* PI hero refinement: larger portrait and concise heading */
.pi-hero .pi-hero-inner{
  grid-template-columns:190px minmax(0,1fr);
  gap:38px;
}
.pi-hero .pi-portrait{
  width:190px;
  max-width:190px;
}
@media(max-width:700px){
  .pi-hero .pi-hero-inner{
    grid-template-columns:125px minmax(0,1fr);
    gap:22px;
  }
  .pi-hero .pi-portrait{
    width:125px;
    max-width:125px;
  }
}
@media(max-width:480px){
  .pi-hero .pi-hero-inner{
    grid-template-columns:96px minmax(0,1fr);
    gap:16px;
  }
  .pi-hero .pi-portrait{
    width:96px;
    max-width:96px;
  }
}

/* PI message: one consistent section format */
.pi-message-section{
  width:100%;
  padding:72px 28px;
  background:#fff;
}
.pi-message-inner{
  width:100%;
  max-width:900px;
  margin:0 auto;
}
.pi-message-inner h2{
  margin:0 0 26px;
  font-size:clamp(2rem,4vw,3rem);
  line-height:1.25;
}
.pi-message-inner p{
  margin:0 0 1.15em;
  font-size:1.05rem;
  line-height:1.9;
}
.pi-message-inner p:last-child{
  margin-bottom:0;
}
.pi-page .join-section .join-copy h2{
  margin-top:0;
}
.pi-page .join-section .join-copy p{
  margin-bottom:0;
}
@media(max-width:560px){
  .pi-message-section{padding:54px 18px}
  .pi-message-inner h2{margin-bottom:20px}
}


/* Hero molecular-dynamics background */
.hero{overflow:hidden;background:#061b3d url("../images/hero-network.svg") center/cover no-repeat}
.hero-video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center;z-index:0;filter:saturate(.78) contrast(1.08) brightness(.72)}
.hero-overlay{z-index:1;background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(4,24,54,.96) 0%,rgba(5,31,70,.82) 50%,rgba(6,34,72,.44) 100%)}
.hero-content{z-index:2}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){.hero-video{display:none}}

/* Vision integrated into the AIMD hero */
.hero{min-height:auto}
.hero-content{padding:82px 0 72px}
.hero-content h1{max-width:980px}
.hero-vision{
  max-width:900px;
  margin-top:34px;
  padding:24px 28px 22px;
  border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.24);
  border-radius:18px;
  background:rgba(3,20,47,.52);
  backdrop-filter:blur(4px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(4px);
}
.hero-vision .section-kicker{margin:0 0 10px;color:#8dd5ff}
.hero-vision p:not(.section-kicker){margin:0;color:#edf5ff;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.85}
.hero-vision-link{display:inline-block;margin-top:14px;color:#fff;font-weight:800;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}
.hero-vision-link:hover{color:#a9dcff}
@media(max-width:640px){
  .hero-content{padding:62px 0 56px}
  .hero-vision{margin-top:26px;padding:20px 18px}
  .hero-vision p:not(.section-kicker){font-size:.96rem;line-height:1.75}
}


/* PI hero: local AIMD movie background */
.pi-hero.pi-hero-video{
  position:relative;
  overflow:hidden;
  isolation:isolate;
  background:linear-gradient(135deg,#061b3d 0%,#0d4f9d 100%);
}
.pi-background-video{
  position:absolute;
  inset:0;
  z-index:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  object-fit:cover;
  object-position:center;
  filter:saturate(.78) contrast(1.08) brightness(.70);
}
.pi-video-overlay{
  position:absolute;
  inset:0;
  z-index:1;
  background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(4,24,54,.94) 0%,rgba(5,31,70,.80) 56%,rgba(6,34,72,.58) 100%);
  pointer-events:none;
}
.pi-hero.pi-hero-video .pi-hero-inner{
  position:relative;
  z-index:2;
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){
  .pi-background-video{display:none}
}

/* PI AIMD hero — robust visible background */
.pi-hero.pi-hero-video{
  position:relative;
  min-height:430px;
  overflow:hidden;
  isolation:isolate;
  background:#061b3d url("../images/aimd-poster.jpg") center center/cover no-repeat;
}
.pi-hero.pi-hero-video > .pi-background-video{
  display:block;
  position:absolute;
  inset:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  min-width:100%;
  min-height:100%;
  object-fit:cover;
  object-position:center center;
  z-index:-2;
  opacity:1;
  filter:saturate(.95) contrast(1.08) brightness(.88);
}
.pi-hero.pi-hero-video > .pi-video-overlay{
  position:absolute;
  inset:0;
  z-index:-1;
  background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(3,18,43,.76) 0%,rgba(5,28,62,.62) 58%,rgba(6,34,72,.40) 100%);
}
.pi-hero.pi-hero-video > .pi-hero-inner{
  position:relative;
  z-index:1;
}
@media(max-width:700px){
  .pi-hero.pi-hero-video{min-height:360px}
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){
  .pi-hero.pi-hero-video > .pi-background-video{display:none}
}

/* Large-screen alignment and responsive safeguards */
#research .section-head,
#research .research-history-note,
#research .research-grid{
  width:min(100%,var(--max));
}

.research-grid{
  align-items:stretch;
}

.research-grid .card{
  min-width:0;
  height:100%;
}

.research-grid .card-body{
  display:flex;
  flex-direction:column;
  min-height:250px;
}

.research-grid .card-footer{
  margin-top:auto;
}

.card h3,
.card p,
.pub-title,
.pub-meta,
.network-card strong,
.network-card span{
  overflow-wrap:anywhere;
}

@media(min-width:1400px){
  :root{--max:1240px}
  .section{padding-left:clamp(32px,4vw,72px);padding-right:clamp(32px,4vw,72px)}
}

@media(max-width:1100px){
  #research .research-history-note{
    max-width:100%;
  }
}

@media(max-width:640px){
  .research-history-note{
    width:100%;
  }
  .research-grid .card-body{
    min-height:0;
  }
}

/* Keep all section content on the same centered content axis */
#publications .publication-subsection,
#publications .year-list,
#publications .books-subsection,
#alumni .alumni-disclosure,
#network .network-groups,
#news .news-list,
#join .join-grid{
  width:min(100%,var(--max));
  margin-left:auto;
  margin-right:auto;
}

/* Subsection headings should align with the cards and lists below them */
#publications .publication-subsection > h3,
#publications .year-list > h3,
#publications .books-subsection > h3{
  margin-left:0;
  margin-right:0;
}

/* Alumni disclosure should not stretch to the full viewport width */
#alumni .alumni-disclosure{
  max-width:var(--max);
}

/* Prevent large-screen summary rows from appearing excessively wide */
.alumni-disclosure summary,
.network-group summary{
  min-width:0;
}

@media(min-width:1400px){
  #publications .publication-subsection,
  #publications .year-list,
  #publications .books-subsection,
  #alumni .alumni-disclosure,
  #network .network-groups,
  #news .news-list,
  #join .join-grid{
    max-width:var(--max);
  }
}

@media(max-width:640px){
  #publications .publication-subsection,
  #publications .year-list,
  #publications .books-subsection,
  #alumni .alumni-disclosure,
  #network .network-groups,
  #news .news-list,
  #join .join-grid{
    width:100%;
  }

  .alumni-disclosure summary{
    align-items:flex-start;
    flex-wrap:wrap;
  }

  .alumni-total{
    width:100%;
    margin-left:0;
    justify-content:start;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================
   Responsive layout audit — authoritative final overrides
   ========================================================== */

:root{
  /* Aliases used by legacy component rules */
  --surface:var(--paper);
  --bg:var(--paper);
  --bg-soft:var(--soft);
  --text:var(--ink);
  --text-muted:var(--muted);
  --content-pad:clamp(18px,3.4vw,56px);
}

/* Prevent accidental horizontal scrolling from long titles, links, and grids */
html,body{max-width:100%;overflow-x:clip}
main{min-width:0}
a,button,summary{overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.section-lead{max-width:78ch;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.8}

/* One content axis for every principal section */
.section{
  padding-left:var(--content-pad);
  padding-right:var(--content-pad);
}
.section-head,
.card-grid,
#research .research-history-note,
#publications .publication-subsection,
#publications .year-list,
#publications .books-subsection,
#alumni .alumni-disclosure,
#network .network-groups,
#news .news-list{
  width:100%;
  max-width:var(--max);
  margin-left:auto;
  margin-right:auto;
}

/* Undo the earlier full-viewport News heading rule */
#news .section-head{max-width:var(--max)}

/* Subsection labels align exactly with their content */
.publication-subsection > h3,
.year-list > h3{
  margin-top:0;
  margin-left:0;
  font-size:clamp(1.25rem,2vw,1.55rem);
}
#publications .publication-subsection{margin-top:0}
#publications .year-list{margin-top:52px}

/* Research history should use the available centered width, not a short left column */
.research-history-note p{
  max-width:none;
}
.research-grid{
  grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));
}
.research-grid .card,
.publication-grid .card,
.people-grid .card{
  min-width:0;
}
.research-grid .card-body{
  min-height:0;
}

/* Selected publications: avoid overly narrow three-column cards on mid-sized screens */
.publication-grid{
  grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));
}
.selected-publication-card,
.publication-grid .card{
  min-width:0;
}

/* Alumni disclosure: stable summary at large and small widths */
.alumni-disclosure summary{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto auto;
  align-items:center;
}
.alumni-total{
  max-width:100%;
  white-space:normal;
  text-align:center;
}
.alumni-year-grid{
  grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));
}
.alumni-simple-item,
.alumni-simple-name{
  min-width:0;
}
.alumni-simple-name strong,
.alumni-simple-name span{
  overflow-wrap:anywhere;
}

/* Network cards: long project titles remain readable */
.network-grid,
.network-grid-compact{
  grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));
}
.network-card{
  height:100%;
}
.network-group summary{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto auto;
}
.project-note{margin-top:0}

/* News follows the same axis and uses consistent card heights */
#news-list{
  grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));
}
#news .news-item{
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:16px;
  background:var(--paper);
}
#news .news-content{
  display:flex;
  flex-direction:column;
}
#news .news-links{
  margin-top:auto;
  padding-top:14px;
}

/* Join block: centered to the same width without double-counting section padding */
.section.join-section{
  width:calc(100% - (2 * var(--content-pad)));
  max-width:var(--max);
  margin:40px auto 90px;
  padding:46px;
}
.section.join-section > div{
  min-width:0;
  max-width:800px;
}

/* Header and footer share the page content axis */
.site-header{
  display:block;
  padding:0 var(--content-pad);
}
.site-header-inner{
  width:100%;
  max-width:var(--max);
  min-height:68px;
  margin:0 auto;
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:auto 1fr auto auto;
  align-items:center;
  gap:24px;
}
.site-header-inner .brand{grid-column:1}
.site-header-inner .nav-toggle{grid-column:3}
.site-header-inner .nav{grid-column:2}
.site-header-inner .lang-switch{grid-column:4}

.site-footer{
  display:block;
  padding:34px var(--content-pad);
}
.site-footer-inner{
  width:100%;
  max-width:var(--max);
  margin:0 auto;
  display:flex;
  justify-content:space-between;
  align-items:flex-start;
  gap:24px;
}

/* PI page: consistent readable widths and responsive grids */
.pi-message-inner,
.pi-career-disclosure,
.pi-content-grid,
.pi-career-grid{
  width:100%;
  max-width:900px;
}
.pi-page .join-section{
  width:calc(100% - (2 * var(--content-pad)));
}
.timeline li{min-width:0}
.timeline li > *{min-width:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}

/* Tablet / small laptop */
@media(max-width:1180px){
  .site-header-inner{
    grid-template-columns:1fr auto auto;
    gap:12px;
  }
  .site-header-inner .brand{grid-column:1}
  .site-header-inner .nav-toggle{
    display:block;
    grid-column:2;
  }
  .site-header-inner .lang-switch{grid-column:3}
  .site-header-inner .nav{
    display:none;
    position:absolute;
    top:68px;
    left:0;
    right:0;
    max-height:calc(100vh - 68px);
    overflow-y:auto;
    padding:16px var(--content-pad) 22px;
    flex-direction:column;
    gap:4px;
    background:var(--paper);
    border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
  }
  .site-header-inner .nav.open{display:flex}

  .research-grid{
    grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));
  }
  .publication-grid{
    grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));
  }
  .network-grid,
  .network-grid-compact{
    grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));
  }
}

/* Tablet portrait */
@media(max-width:820px){
  .section{padding-top:68px;padding-bottom:68px}
  .section-head{
    align-items:flex-start;
    flex-direction:column;
  }
  .section-head .text-link{
    margin-top:-12px;
  }
  .people-grid{
    grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));
  }
  #news-list{
    grid-template-columns:1fr;
  }
  .alumni-year-grid{
    grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));
  }
  .section.join-section{
    padding:36px 30px;
    flex-direction:column;
    align-items:flex-start;
  }
  .site-footer-inner{
    flex-direction:column;
  }
}

/* Phones */
@media(max-width:640px){
  :root{--content-pad:18px}
  .site-header-inner{min-height:62px}
  .site-header-inner .nav{top:62px;max-height:calc(100vh - 62px)}
  .brand-main{font-size:1.08rem}
  .lang-switch button{min-width:40px;min-height:40px;padding:7px 8px}

  .hero-content{width:100%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0}
  .hero-actions .button{width:100%}

  .research-grid,
  .publication-grid,
  .people-grid,
  .network-grid,
  .network-grid-compact,
  .alumni-year-grid{
    grid-template-columns:1fr;
  }

  .research-history-note{
    margin-left:auto;
    margin-right:auto;
  }

  .publication-period summary,
  .books-disclosure > summary,
  .network-group summary,
  .alumni-disclosure summary{
    padding:16px;
  }

  .alumni-disclosure summary{
    grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;
  }
  .alumni-total{
    grid-column:1 / -1;
    justify-self:start;
    text-align:left;
    margin-left:0;
  }

  .network-group summary{
    grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;
  }
  .network-count{
    justify-self:end;
  }

  .section.join-section{
    width:calc(100% - 36px);
    margin:24px auto 60px;
    padding:30px 24px;
  }

  .site-footer{padding-top:30px;padding-bottom:30px}
  .footer-links{flex-wrap:wrap}
}

/* Very narrow phones */
@media(max-width:380px){
  .brand-main{font-size:1rem}
  .site-header-inner{gap:7px}
  .lang-switch{gap:3px}
  .lang-switch button{min-width:36px;padding:6px}
  .section-head h2,.section>h2{font-size:1.85rem}
  .alumni-disclosure-body,
  .publication-period-body,
  .books-disclosure-body{padding-left:13px;padding-right:13px}
}


/* ==========================================================
   Japanese typography correction
   Japanese glyph metrics are visually larger than Latin text.
   Keep the header compact without shrinking main page content.
   ========================================================== */

html[lang="ja"] body{
  font-family:"Hiragino Sans","Yu Gothic UI","Yu Gothic",Meiryo,sans-serif;
}

/* Laboratory-name banner */
html[lang="ja"] .brand{
  min-width:0;
}

html[lang="ja"] .brand-main{
  font-size:1.16rem;
  line-height:1.18;
  letter-spacing:-0.035em;
  white-space:nowrap;
}

html[lang="ja"] .brand-sub{
  margin-top:3px;
  font-size:.70rem;
  line-height:1.2;
  letter-spacing:0;
  white-space:nowrap;
}

/* Japanese navigation is slightly wider than English */
html[lang="ja"] .nav{
  gap:22px;
  font-size:.91rem;
}

html[lang="ja"] .nav a{
  white-space:nowrap;
}

/* Prevent the language buttons from changing header height */
.lang-switch button{
  line-height:1;
}

/* Compact Japanese header a little earlier on medium-width screens */
@media(max-width:1280px){
  html[lang="ja"] .site-header-inner{
    gap:16px;
  }
  html[lang="ja"] .nav{
    gap:17px;
    font-size:.87rem;
  }
  html[lang="ja"] .brand-main{
    font-size:1.08rem;
  }
}

/* Header already switches to the mobile menu below 1180 px */
@media(max-width:1180px){
  html[lang="ja"] .brand-main{
    font-size:1.08rem;
  }
  html[lang="ja"] .brand-sub{
    font-size:.68rem;
  }
}

@media(max-width:640px){
  html[lang="ja"] .brand-main{
    font-size:1rem;
  }
  html[lang="ja"] .brand-sub{
    font-size:.64rem;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================
   Language-balanced typography for large screens
   Japanese glyphs look visually larger than Latin glyphs at
   the same CSS size; English headings looked comparatively small.
   These rules balance visual size without changing layout widths.
   ========================================================== */

@media(min-width:1200px){

  /* Main page headings */
  html[lang="ja"] .hero h1{
    font-size:clamp(2.75rem,4.2vw,4.8rem);
    line-height:1.12;
    letter-spacing:-0.045em;
  }

  html[lang="en"] .hero h1{
    font-size:clamp(3.15rem,4.8vw,5.35rem);
    line-height:1.04;
    letter-spacing:-0.035em;
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .section-head h2,
  html[lang="ja"] .section > h2{
    font-size:clamp(2.15rem,3.0vw,3.05rem);
    line-height:1.16;
    letter-spacing:-0.04em;
  }

  html[lang="en"] .section-head h2,
  html[lang="en"] .section > h2{
    font-size:clamp(2.45rem,3.4vw,3.5rem);
    line-height:1.08;
    letter-spacing:-0.025em;
  }

  /* Subsection titles such as Representative Publications */
  html[lang="ja"] .publication-subsection > h3,
  html[lang="ja"] .year-list > h3,
  html[lang="ja"] .books-subsection > h3,
  html[lang="ja"] .staff-alumni-section > h3,
  html[lang="ja"] .student-alumni-section > h3{
    font-size:1.28rem;
    line-height:1.35;
  }

  html[lang="en"] .publication-subsection > h3,
  html[lang="en"] .year-list > h3,
  html[lang="en"] .books-subsection > h3,
  html[lang="en"] .staff-alumni-section > h3,
  html[lang="en"] .student-alumni-section > h3{
    font-size:1.48rem;
    line-height:1.25;
  }

  /* Card titles */
  html[lang="ja"] .card h3,
  html[lang="ja"] .selected-publication-card h3,
  html[lang="ja"] .news-item h3{
    font-size:1.03rem;
    line-height:1.5;
    letter-spacing:-0.015em;
  }

  html[lang="en"] .card h3,
  html[lang="en"] .selected-publication-card h3,
  html[lang="en"] .news-item h3{
    font-size:1.14rem;
    line-height:1.38;
    letter-spacing:-0.01em;
  }

  /* Body text: keep Japanese restrained, give English a little more presence */
  html[lang="ja"] .section-lead,
  html[lang="ja"] .research-history-note p{
    font-size:.95rem;
    line-height:1.9;
  }

  html[lang="en"] .section-lead,
  html[lang="en"] .research-history-note p{
    font-size:1.03rem;
    line-height:1.72;
  }

  /* Header: balanced rather than simply shrinking Japanese */
  html[lang="ja"] .brand-main{
    font-size:1.04rem;
  }

  html[lang="en"] .brand-main{
    font-size:1.15rem;
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .brand-sub{
    font-size:.66rem;
  }

  html[lang="en"] .brand-sub{
    font-size:.75rem;
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .nav{
    font-size:.86rem;
    gap:18px;
  }

  html[lang="en"] .nav{
    font-size:.96rem;
    gap:22px;
  }
}

/* Ultra-wide displays: stop headings from continuing to grow */
@media(min-width:1700px){
  html[lang="ja"] .hero h1{font-size:4.8rem}
  html[lang="en"] .hero h1{font-size:5.35rem}

  html[lang="ja"] .section-head h2,
  html[lang="ja"] .section > h2{font-size:3.05rem}

  html[lang="en"] .section-head h2,
  html[lang="en"] .section > h2{font-size:3.5rem}
}


/* ==========================================================
   Final Japanese typography normalization
   Reduce Japanese visual size consistently across the whole site.
   English typography is left unchanged.
   ========================================================== */

html[lang="ja"]{
  font-size:15px;
}

html[lang="ja"] body{
  font-size:1rem;
  line-height:1.75;
}

/* Hero and principal section headings */
html[lang="ja"] .hero h1{
  font-size:clamp(2.45rem,3.7vw,4.15rem);
  line-height:1.13;
  letter-spacing:-0.045em;
}

html[lang="ja"] .section-head h2,
html[lang="ja"] .section > h2{
  font-size:clamp(1.9rem,2.6vw,2.65rem);
  line-height:1.18;
  letter-spacing:-0.035em;
}

/* Introductory and explanatory text */
html[lang="ja"] .hero-lead,
html[lang="ja"] .section-lead,
html[lang="ja"] .research-history-note p,
html[lang="ja"] .project-note,
html[lang="ja"] .pi-message-inner p{
  font-size:.93rem;
  line-height:1.82;
}

/* Cards and content blocks */
html[lang="ja"] .card h3,
html[lang="ja"] .selected-publication-card h3,
html[lang="ja"] .news-item h3,
html[lang="ja"] .network-card strong{
  font-size:1rem;
  line-height:1.48;
}

html[lang="ja"] .card p,
html[lang="ja"] .publication-card p,
html[lang="ja"] .selected-publication-card p,
html[lang="ja"] .news-content p,
html[lang="ja"] .network-card span,
html[lang="ja"] .alumni-simple-name strong{
  font-size:.91rem;
  line-height:1.72;
}

/* Subsection and disclosure headings */
html[lang="ja"] .publication-subsection > h3,
html[lang="ja"] .year-list > h3,
html[lang="ja"] .books-subsection > h3,
html[lang="ja"] .publication-period summary,
html[lang="ja"] .books-disclosure > summary,
html[lang="ja"] .alumni-disclosure summary,
html[lang="ja"] .network-group summary{
  font-size:1rem;
  line-height:1.4;
}

/* Metadata and secondary labels */
html[lang="ja"] .pub-meta,
html[lang="ja"] .card-meta,
html[lang="ja"] .member-meta,
html[lang="ja"] .alumni-simple-name span,
html[lang="ja"] .network-count,
html[lang="ja"] .alumni-total,
html[lang="ja"] .eyebrow,
html[lang="ja"] .section-kicker{
  font-size:.78rem;
}

/* Header */
html[lang="ja"] .brand-main{
  font-size:1rem;
  line-height:1.18;
}

html[lang="ja"] .brand-sub{
  font-size:.63rem;
}

html[lang="ja"] .nav{
  font-size:.84rem;
}

/* PI page */
html[lang="ja"] .pi-title{
  font-size:clamp(2rem,3vw,3rem);
}

html[lang="ja"] .timeline{
  font-size:.91rem;
}

/* Keep phones readable; do not over-shrink */
@media(max-width:640px){
  html[lang="ja"]{
    font-size:15.5px;
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .hero h1{
    font-size:clamp(2.05rem,10vw,2.75rem);
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .section-head h2,
  html[lang="ja"] .section > h2{
    font-size:1.8rem;
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .brand-main{
    font-size:.96rem;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================
   PI page header and language-switch alignment
   ========================================================== */

.pi-page .site-header{
  display:block;
  padding:0 var(--content-pad);
}

.pi-page .site-header-inner{
  width:100%;
  max-width:var(--max);
  min-height:68px;
  margin:0 auto;
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:auto 1fr auto auto;
  align-items:center;
  gap:24px;
}

.pi-page .site-header-inner .brand{
  grid-column:1;
  justify-self:start;
}

.pi-page .site-header-inner .nav{
  grid-column:2;
  justify-self:center;
}

.pi-page .site-header-inner .nav-toggle{
  grid-column:3;
  justify-self:end;
}

.pi-page .site-header-inner .lang-switch{
  grid-column:4;
  justify-self:end;
  margin-left:0;
}

/* Prevent inherited PI-page flex rules from pulling controls left */
.pi-page .lang-switch,
.pi-page .nav-toggle{
  position:static;
}

@media(max-width:1180px){
  .pi-page .site-header-inner{
    grid-template-columns:1fr auto auto;
    gap:12px;
  }

  .pi-page .site-header-inner .brand{
    grid-column:1;
  }

  .pi-page .site-header-inner .nav-toggle{
    grid-column:2;
    display:block;
  }

  .pi-page .site-header-inner .lang-switch{
    grid-column:3;
  }

  .pi-page .site-header-inner .nav{
    grid-column:auto;
    justify-self:stretch;
  }
}

@media(max-width:640px){
  .pi-page .site-header-inner{
    min-height:62px;
  }

  .pi-page .lang-switch{
    justify-self:end;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================
   PI page content width alignment
   Match the main page content axis and maximum width.
   ========================================================== */

.pi-message-inner,
.pi-career-disclosure,
.pi-content-grid,
.pi-career-grid,
.pi-page .section-head{
  width:100%;
  max-width:var(--max);
  margin-left:auto;
  margin-right:auto;
}

/* Keep long-form paragraphs readable while allowing the section itself
   to align with the main page width. */
.pi-message-inner > p,
.pi-content-grid .pi-text,
.pi-career-disclosure .timeline{
  max-width:78ch;
}

.pi-content-grid{
  grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.2fr) minmax(280px,.8fr);
  gap:clamp(28px,4vw,56px);
}

@media(max-width:900px){
  .pi-content-grid{
    grid-template-columns:1fr;
  }

  .pi-message-inner > p,
  .pi-content-grid .pi-text,
  .pi-career-disclosure .timeline{
    max-width:none;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================
   PI page: use the full content width on both left and right
   The previous 78ch paragraph cap stayed left-aligned, which made
   only the left boundary appear to expand while leaving blank space
   on the right.
   ========================================================== */

.pi-page .pi-hero-inner,
.pi-page .pi-message-inner,
.pi-page .pi-career-disclosure,
.pi-page .pi-career-grid,
.pi-page .pi-content-grid{
  width:100%;
  max-width:var(--max);
  margin-left:auto;
  margin-right:auto;
}

.pi-page .pi-message-inner > p,
.pi-page .pi-content-grid .pi-text,
.pi-page .pi-career-disclosure .timeline{
  width:100%;
  max-width:none;
  margin-left:0;
  margin-right:0;
}

.pi-page .pi-message-inner h2{
  width:100%;
  max-width:none;
}

/* Keep the same inner horizontal padding rhythm as the main page */
.pi-page .pi-message-section{
  padding-left:var(--content-pad);
  padding-right:var(--content-pad);
}

@media(max-width:900px){
  .pi-page .pi-hero-inner,
  .pi-page .pi-message-inner,
  .pi-page .pi-career-disclosure,
  .pi-page .pi-career-grid,
  .pi-page .pi-content-grid{
    max-width:100%;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================
   Japanese typography: one-step larger
   English typography remains unchanged.
   ========================================================== */

html[lang="ja"]{
  font-size:16px;
}

html[lang="ja"] body{
  font-size:1rem;
}

/* Main headings */
html[lang="ja"] .hero h1{
  font-size:clamp(2.65rem,4vw,4.45rem);
}

html[lang="ja"] .section-head h2,
html[lang="ja"] .section > h2{
  font-size:clamp(2.05rem,2.85vw,2.9rem);
}

/* Body and explanatory text */
html[lang="ja"] .hero-lead,
html[lang="ja"] .section-lead,
html[lang="ja"] .research-history-note p,
html[lang="ja"] .project-note,
html[lang="ja"] .pi-message-inner p{
  font-size:.98rem;
}

/* Card and list content */
html[lang="ja"] .card h3,
html[lang="ja"] .selected-publication-card h3,
html[lang="ja"] .news-item h3,
html[lang="ja"] .network-card strong{
  font-size:1.05rem;
}

html[lang="ja"] .card p,
html[lang="ja"] .publication-card p,
html[lang="ja"] .selected-publication-card p,
html[lang="ja"] .news-content p,
html[lang="ja"] .network-card span,
html[lang="ja"] .alumni-simple-name strong{
  font-size:.96rem;
}

/* Subsection and disclosure headings */
html[lang="ja"] .publication-subsection > h3,
html[lang="ja"] .year-list > h3,
html[lang="ja"] .books-subsection > h3,
html[lang="ja"] .publication-period summary,
html[lang="ja"] .books-disclosure > summary,
html[lang="ja"] .alumni-disclosure summary,
html[lang="ja"] .network-group summary{
  font-size:1.05rem;
}

/* Metadata */
html[lang="ja"] .pub-meta,
html[lang="ja"] .card-meta,
html[lang="ja"] .member-meta,
html[lang="ja"] .alumni-simple-name span,
html[lang="ja"] .network-count,
html[lang="ja"] .alumni-total,
html[lang="ja"] .eyebrow,
html[lang="ja"] .section-kicker{
  font-size:.82rem;
}

/* Header */
html[lang="ja"] .brand-main{
  font-size:1.06rem;
}

html[lang="ja"] .brand-sub{
  font-size:.67rem;
}

html[lang="ja"] .nav{
  font-size:.89rem;
}

/* PI page */
html[lang="ja"] .pi-title{
  font-size:clamp(2.15rem,3.2vw,3.2rem);
}

html[lang="ja"] .timeline{
  font-size:.96rem;
}

/* Keep mobile growth restrained */
@media(max-width:640px){
  html[lang="ja"]{
    font-size:16px;
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .hero h1{
    font-size:clamp(2.15rem,10vw,2.9rem);
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .section-head h2,
  html[lang="ja"] .section > h2{
    font-size:1.9rem;
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .brand-main{
    font-size:1rem;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================
   Japanese typography: one additional step larger
   English typography remains unchanged.
   ========================================================== */

html[lang="ja"]{
  font-size:17px;
}

html[lang="ja"] body{
  font-size:1rem;
}

/* Main headings */
html[lang="ja"] .hero h1{
  font-size:clamp(2.8rem,4.15vw,4.65rem);
}

html[lang="ja"] .section-head h2,
html[lang="ja"] .section > h2{
  font-size:clamp(2.15rem,3vw,3.05rem);
}

/* Body and explanatory text */
html[lang="ja"] .hero-lead,
html[lang="ja"] .section-lead,
html[lang="ja"] .research-history-note p,
html[lang="ja"] .project-note,
html[lang="ja"] .pi-message-inner p{
  font-size:1rem;
}

/* Card and list content */
html[lang="ja"] .card h3,
html[lang="ja"] .selected-publication-card h3,
html[lang="ja"] .news-item h3,
html[lang="ja"] .network-card strong{
  font-size:1.08rem;
}

html[lang="ja"] .card p,
html[lang="ja"] .publication-card p,
html[lang="ja"] .selected-publication-card p,
html[lang="ja"] .news-content p,
html[lang="ja"] .network-card span,
html[lang="ja"] .alumni-simple-name strong{
  font-size:.98rem;
}

/* Subsection and disclosure headings */
html[lang="ja"] .publication-subsection > h3,
html[lang="ja"] .year-list > h3,
html[lang="ja"] .books-subsection > h3,
html[lang="ja"] .publication-period summary,
html[lang="ja"] .books-disclosure > summary,
html[lang="ja"] .alumni-disclosure summary,
html[lang="ja"] .network-group summary{
  font-size:1.08rem;
}

/* Metadata */
html[lang="ja"] .pub-meta,
html[lang="ja"] .card-meta,
html[lang="ja"] .member-meta,
html[lang="ja"] .alumni-simple-name span,
html[lang="ja"] .network-count,
html[lang="ja"] .alumni-total,
html[lang="ja"] .eyebrow,
html[lang="ja"] .section-kicker{
  font-size:.85rem;
}

/* Header */
html[lang="ja"] .brand-main{
  font-size:1.1rem;
}

html[lang="ja"] .brand-sub{
  font-size:.7rem;
}

html[lang="ja"] .nav{
  font-size:.92rem;
}

/* PI page */
html[lang="ja"] .pi-title{
  font-size:clamp(2.3rem,3.4vw,3.4rem);
}

html[lang="ja"] .timeline{
  font-size:.99rem;
}

/* Keep mobile growth restrained */
@media(max-width:640px){
  html[lang="ja"]{
    font-size:16.5px;
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .hero h1{
    font-size:clamp(2.25rem,10.5vw,3rem);
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .section-head h2,
  html[lang="ja"] .section > h2{
    font-size:2rem;
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .brand-main{
    font-size:1.03rem;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================
   PI hero typography correction
   Keep the enlarged Japanese site typography, but reduce only
   the portrait / animated-background hero area.
   ========================================================== */

html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-title,
html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero h1{
  font-size:clamp(2rem,2.75vw,3rem);
  line-height:1.15;
  letter-spacing:-0.035em;
}

html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-subtitle,
html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-role,
html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-affiliation{
  font-size:.95rem;
  line-height:1.55;
}

html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .eyebrow,
html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .section-kicker{
  font-size:.78rem;
}

/* Large displays should not keep scaling the PI hero text */
@media(min-width:1500px){
  html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-title,
  html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero h1{
    font-size:3rem;
  }
}

@media(max-width:640px){
  html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-title,
  html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero h1{
    font-size:clamp(1.8rem,8.5vw,2.35rem);
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-subtitle,
  html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-role,
  html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-affiliation{
    font-size:.9rem;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================
   PI long-form section spacing
   Reduce excessive vertical gaps between the four narrative sections.
   ========================================================== */

.pi-page .pi-message-section{
  padding-top:44px;
  padding-bottom:44px;
}

.pi-page .pi-message-inner{
  display:block;
}

.pi-page .pi-message-inner > h2{
  margin-top:0;
  margin-bottom:14px;
}

.pi-page .pi-message-inner > p{
  margin-top:0;
  margin-bottom:0;
}

.pi-page .pi-message-section + .pi-message-section{
  margin-top:0;
  border-top:1px solid var(--line);
}

/* Keep the first and last sections visually balanced */
.pi-page .pi-message-section:first-of-type{
  padding-top:52px;
}

.pi-page .pi-message-section:last-of-type{
  padding-bottom:56px;
}

@media(max-width:640px){
  .pi-page .pi-message-section{
    padding-top:34px;
    padding-bottom:34px;
  }

  .pi-page .pi-message-inner > h2{
    margin-bottom:11px;
  }

  .pi-page .pi-message-section:first-of-type{
    padding-top:40px;
  }

  .pi-page .pi-message-section:last-of-type{
    padding-bottom:44px;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================
   PI affiliation line only: two steps smaller
   （理工学部応用化学科／理工学研究科応用化学専攻 担当）
   ========================================================== */

html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-affiliation{
  font-size:.76rem;
  line-height:1.45;
  letter-spacing:0;
}

@media(max-width:640px){
  html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-affiliation{
    font-size:.72rem;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================
   PI hero: one more step smaller, and career panel below links
   ========================================================== */

html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-title,
html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero h1{
  font-size:clamp(1.8rem,2.35vw,2.6rem);
  line-height:1.14;
}

html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-role{
  font-size:.86rem;
  line-height:1.45;
}

html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-affiliation{
  font-size:.68rem;
  line-height:1.4;
}

/* Career disclosure directly under ORCID / Google Scholar */
.pi-hero .pi-career-disclosure{
  width:100%;
  max-width:680px;
  margin:18px 0 0;
}

.pi-hero .pi-career-disclosure summary{
  padding:14px 16px;
}

.pi-hero .pi-career-disclosure[open]{
  background:rgba(255,255,255,.92);
  backdrop-filter:blur(8px);
}

@media(max-width:640px){
  html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-title,
  html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero h1{
    font-size:clamp(1.65rem,7.7vw,2.15rem);
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-role{
    font-size:.82rem;
  }

  html[lang="ja"] .pi-hero .pi-affiliation{
    font-size:.66rem;
  }

  .pi-hero .pi-career-disclosure{
    max-width:100%;
    margin-top:14px;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================
   PI external profile links
   Chuo University researcher database placed after Google Scholar.
   ========================================================== */

.pi-hero .researcher-db-link{
  white-space:nowrap;
}

.pi-hero .profile-links,
.pi-hero .pi-links,
.pi-hero .social-links{
  display:flex;
  flex-wrap:wrap;
  align-items:center;
  gap:10px;
}

@media(max-width:640px){
  .pi-hero .profile-links,
  .pi-hero .pi-links,
  .pi-hero .social-links{
    gap:8px;
  }

  .pi-hero .profile-link,
  .pi-hero .researcher-db-link{
    white-space:normal;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================
   PI philosophy blocks
   Research Vision / Mentoring / Collaboration
   ========================================================== */

.pi-page .pi-philosophy-label{
  width:100%;
  max-width:var(--max);
  margin:0 auto 14px;
  color:var(--blue);
  font-family:var(--font-en, Arial, sans-serif);
  font-size:.78rem;
  font-weight:800;
  letter-spacing:.14em;
  line-height:1.2;
  text-transform:uppercase;
}

.pi-page .pi-philosophy-label-continuation{
  position:absolute;
  width:1px;
  height:1px;
  margin:-1px;
  padding:0;
  overflow:hidden;
  clip:rect(0 0 0 0);
  white-space:nowrap;
  border:0;
}

/* Keep the two Research Vision sections visually connected */
.pi-page .pi-message-section:has(.pi-philosophy-label-continuation){
  border-top:0;
  padding-top:18px;
}

.pi-page .pi-message-section:has(.pi-philosophy-label:not(.pi-philosophy-label-continuation)){
  padding-top:42px;
}

@media(max-width:640px){
  .pi-page .pi-philosophy-label{
    margin-bottom:10px;
    font-size:.72rem;
  }

  .pi-page .pi-message-section:has(.pi-philosophy-label-continuation){
    padding-top:12px;
  }
}


/* Alumni current positions */
.alumni-current-position{
  display:block;
  margin-top:5px;
  color:var(--blue);
  font-size:.78rem;
  line-height:1.45;
  font-weight:650;
}

/* External website link on member name */
.member-name-link{
  color:inherit;
  text-decoration:none;
}
.member-name-link:hover,
.member-name-link:focus-visible{
  color:var(--blue);
  text-decoration:underline;
  text-underline-offset:3px;
}


/* Banner institution wording */
.brand-main{
  white-space:nowrap;
}

.brand-sub{
  white-space:nowrap;
}

html[lang="en"] .brand-sub{
  font-size:.69rem;
  letter-spacing:-0.01em;
}

@media(max-width:640px){
  html[lang="ja"] .brand-main{
    font-size:.94rem;
  }

  html[lang="en"] .brand-sub{
    font-size:.62rem;
  }
}


/* English banner: Chuo University is already shown in the separate blue line */
html[lang="en"] .brand-sub{
  font-size:.75rem;
  letter-spacing:0;
}


/* B4 students: deliberately separated from M0 and graduate-student cards */
.b4-members{
  max-width:var(--max);
  margin:46px auto 0;
  padding-top:30px;
  border-top:2px solid var(--line);
}
.b4-members-head{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;
  align-items:end;
  gap:8px 24px;
  margin-bottom:18px;
}
.b4-members-kicker{
  grid-column:1 / -1;
  margin:0;
  color:var(--blue);
  font-size:.72rem;
  font-weight:800;
  letter-spacing:.12em;
}
.b4-members-head h3{
  margin:0;
  font-size:1.35rem;
}
.b4-members-head>p:last-child{
  margin:0;
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.88rem;
  text-align:right;
}
.b4-name-grid{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));
  gap:10px 16px;
}
.b4-name-item{
  padding:11px 14px;
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:10px;
  background:rgba(255,255,255,.62);
  font-weight:650;
  line-height:1.35;
}
.b4-name-ja,
.b4-name-en{
  display:block;
}
.b4-name-en{
  margin-top:3px;
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.82rem;
  font-weight:500;
  letter-spacing:.01em;
}
.b4-name-en-only{
  margin-top:0;
  color:inherit;
  font-size:inherit;
  font-weight:650;
}
@media(max-width:760px){
  .b4-members-head{
    grid-template-columns:1fr;
  }
  .b4-members-head>p:last-child{
    text-align:left;
  }
  .b4-name-grid{
    grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));
  }
}
@media(max-width:480px){
  .b4-name-grid{
    grid-template-columns:1fr;
  }
}


/* B4 heading without explanatory note */
.b4-members-head{
  display:block;
}
.b4-members-head h3{
  margin-top:8px;
}


/* Featured research theme: fluctuations and dynamic electronic structure */
.fluctuation-feature{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.55fr) minmax(260px,.85fr);
  gap:1.4rem;
  margin:1.35rem 0 1.7rem;
  padding:clamp(1.35rem,3vw,2.25rem);
  border:1px solid rgba(37,99,235,.18);
  border-radius:24px;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 92% 14%,rgba(56,189,248,.17),transparent 33%),
    linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(239,246,255,.98),rgba(248,250,252,.98));
  box-shadow:0 18px 48px rgba(15,23,42,.08);
}
.fluctuation-feature-main h3{
  margin:.25rem 0 .75rem;
  font-size:clamp(1.55rem,3vw,2.15rem);
  line-height:1.22;
}
.fluctuation-feature-main>p:not(.fluctuation-eyebrow){
  margin:0;
  max-width:76ch;
  line-height:1.85;
}
.fluctuation-eyebrow{
  margin:0;
  font-size:.75rem;
  font-weight:800;
  letter-spacing:.14em;
  color:#1d4ed8;
}
.fluctuation-links{
  display:flex;
  flex-wrap:wrap;
  gap:.65rem 1rem;
  margin-top:1.15rem;
}
.fluctuation-links a{
  font-weight:750;
  text-decoration:none;
}
.fluctuation-links a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
.fluctuation-example{
  align-self:stretch;
  padding:1.25rem;
  border-radius:18px;
  color:#e2e8f0;
  background:linear-gradient(150deg,#0f172a,#1e3a8a);
}
.fluctuation-example-label{
  display:block;
  margin-bottom:.75rem;
  font-size:.72rem;
  font-weight:800;
  letter-spacing:.11em;
  color:#7dd3fc;
}
.fluctuation-example strong{
  display:block;
  font-size:1.12rem;
  line-height:1.45;
  color:#fff;
}
.fluctuation-example p{
  margin:.75rem 0 0;
  font-size:.93rem;
  line-height:1.7;
  color:#dbeafe;
}
@media (max-width:820px){
  .fluctuation-feature{grid-template-columns:1fr}
}


/* Selected media coverage within the fluctuation research feature */
.fluctuation-media{grid-column:1/-1;margin-top:24px;padding-top:24px;border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.18)}
.fluctuation-media-head{max-width:820px;margin-bottom:16px}
.fluctuation-media-head h4{margin:7px 0 8px;font-size:1.3rem}
.fluctuation-media-head p{margin:0;line-height:1.75;opacity:.9}
.fluctuation-media-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));gap:12px}
.fluctuation-media-card{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;min-height:150px;padding:17px;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);border-radius:16px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.09);color:inherit;text-decoration:none;transition:transform .2s ease,background .2s ease}
.fluctuation-media-card:hover{transform:translateY(-3px);background:rgba(255,255,255,.15)}
.fluctuation-media-source{font-size:.78rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;opacity:.78}
.fluctuation-media-card strong{font-size:.96rem;line-height:1.55}
.fluctuation-media-card small{margin-top:auto;opacity:.72}
@media(max-width:1000px){.fluctuation-media-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}}
@media(max-width:620px){.fluctuation-media-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.fluctuation-media-card{min-height:0}}



.research-pillars-title{
  width:100%;
  max-width:var(--max);
  margin:2.2rem auto 1rem;
  font-size:clamp(1.35rem,2.2vw,1.8rem);
  line-height:1.35;
}

/* Research narrative: one scientific question across four pillars */
.research-common-lens{
  width:100%;
  max-width:var(--max);
  margin:1.25rem auto 1rem;
  padding:clamp(1.35rem,3vw,2.2rem);
  border-left:5px solid #2563eb;
  border-radius:0 22px 22px 0;
  background:linear-gradient(110deg,#eff6ff 0%,#f8fafc 72%);
  box-shadow:0 12px 34px rgba(15,23,42,.06);
}
.research-common-kicker{
  margin:0 0 .55rem;
  color:#1d4ed8;
  font-size:.74rem;
  font-weight:850;
  letter-spacing:.13em;
}
.research-common-lens h3{
  margin:0 0 .7rem;
  max-width:980px;
  font-size:clamp(1.35rem,2.5vw,1.95rem);
  line-height:1.38;
}
.research-common-lens>p:not(.research-common-kicker){
  margin:0;
  max-width:88ch;
  line-height:1.85;
}
.research-causal-chain{
  display:flex;
  flex-wrap:wrap;
  align-items:center;
  gap:.55rem;
  margin-top:1.1rem;
}
.research-causal-chain span{
  padding:.48rem .72rem;
  border:1px solid rgba(37,99,235,.2);
  border-radius:999px;
  background:#fff;
  color:#1e3a8a;
  font-size:.86rem;
  font-weight:750;
}
.research-causal-chain b{color:#64748b;font-weight:600}
.research-history-note{
  margin:0 0 1.2rem;
  padding:.8rem 1rem;
  border:1px solid #e2e8f0;
  border-radius:14px;
  background:#fff;
}
.research-history-note summary{
  cursor:pointer;
  color:#334155;
  font-weight:750;
}
.research-history-note p{margin:.8rem 0 .1rem;line-height:1.75;color:#475569}

/* Light-surface media cards inside the featured research story */
.fluctuation-media{border-top:1px solid rgba(37,99,235,.15)}
.fluctuation-media-head h4,.fluctuation-media-head p{color:#0f172a}
.fluctuation-media .fluctuation-example-label{color:#1d4ed8}
.fluctuation-media-card{
  border-color:rgba(37,99,235,.16);
  background:rgba(255,255,255,.78);
  color:#0f172a;
  box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(15,23,42,.05);
}
.fluctuation-media-card:hover{background:#fff;box-shadow:0 12px 28px rgba(15,23,42,.09)}
.fluctuation-media-source{color:#1d4ed8;opacity:1}
.fluctuation-media-card small{color:#64748b;opacity:1}
@media(max-width:620px){
  .research-causal-chain b{display:none}
  .research-causal-chain span{width:100%;text-align:center}
}


/* Flow fix: keep the research narrative continuous; media coverage lives with News */
.media-coverage-disclosure{
  margin:0 0 28px;
  border:1px solid rgba(37,99,235,.14);
  border-radius:18px;
  background:#f8fafc;
  overflow:hidden;
}
.media-coverage-disclosure>summary{
  list-style:none;cursor:pointer;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:18px;
  padding:18px 20px;font-weight:800;color:#0f172a;
}
.media-coverage-disclosure>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.media-coverage-disclosure>summary:after{content:'＋';font-size:1.2rem;color:#2563eb}
.media-coverage-disclosure[open]>summary:after{content:'−'}
.media-coverage-disclosure>summary small{font-weight:500;color:#64748b}
.media-coverage-body{padding:0 20px 20px}
.media-coverage-body .fluctuation-media{margin:0;padding:0;border:0}
.media-coverage-body .fluctuation-media-head{display:none}
.media-coverage-body .fluctuation-media-grid{margin-top:0}
#research .fluctuation-feature{margin-top:34px}
@media(max-width:620px){
  .media-coverage-disclosure>summary{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column;gap:4px;padding-right:52px;position:relative}
  .media-coverage-disclosure>summary:after{position:absolute;right:18px;top:18px}
}

/* Selected publication cards: consistent treatment for paper figures */
.selected-publication-card{
  overflow:hidden;
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:18px;
  background:var(--paper);
  box-shadow:0 10px 28px rgba(15,23,42,.06);
}
.selected-publication-card > img{
  display:block;
  width:100%;
  height:210px;
  object-fit:contain;
  object-position:center;
  padding:10px;
  background:#fff;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
.selected-publication-body{padding:20px;}
@media(max-width:700px){
  .selected-publication-card > img{height:180px;}
}

/* Publication information hierarchy */
.publication-status-divider{
  margin:1.15rem 0 .5rem;
  padding-top:1rem;
  border-top:1px solid rgba(37,99,235,.18);
  font-size:.78rem;
  font-weight:800;
  letter-spacing:.08em;
  text-transform:uppercase;
  color:#6b7280;
}
.publication-period-count{
  text-align:right;
  line-height:1.25;
}
@media (max-width:720px){
  .publication-period-count{max-width:13rem;font-size:.78rem;}
}

/* Integrated PI section on the one-page site */
#pi{scroll-margin-top:86px}
.pi-integrated{background:#fff}
.pi-integrated .pi-hero{margin:0}
.pi-integrated .pi-message-section:nth-of-type(even){background:var(--soft)}
@media(max-width:700px){#pi{scroll-margin-top:72px}}

/* Romanized names for current members */
.member-name {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.12rem;
}
.member-name-link {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.12rem;
}
.member-name-ja,
.member-name-en {
  display: block;
}
.member-name-en {
  font-size: 0.78em;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  opacity: 0.72;
}
.member-name-en-only {
  font-size: 1em;
  font-weight: inherit;
  opacity: 1;
}